Electrical Properties of Solids

Assertion : Semiconductors are solids with conductivities in the intermediate range from ${10}^{-6}-{10}^4 {\mathrm{ohm}}^{-1} {\mathrm{m}}^{-1}.$

Reason : Intermediate conductivity in semiconductor is due to partially filled valence band.

A diode is a combination of $\mathrm{n}$-type and $\mathrm{p}$-type semiconductor.

Transistors are made by sandwiching a layer of one type of _____ between two layers of the other type of semiconductor.

What are transistors and where are they used?

What is diode and where it is used?

Write two daily life applications of semiconductors.

Pure silicon doped with phosphorus is

Copper conducts electricity in molten as well as solid state as it has free electrons. Copper chloride only conducts electricity in _____  state, not in solid state as free ions are there in this physical state.

Which of the following are dielectric properties of solids:

Dielectric materials are electrical conductors that can be polarised by the application of an electric field.

Explain the electrical conductivity by ionic substances is different from that by metallic ones.

To get an n-type semiconductor from silicon, it should be doped with a substance with valency:

Which kind of defects are introduced by doping?

Which of the following oxides behaves as conductor or insulator depending upon temperature?

Which of the following oxides shows electrical properties like metals?

Explain the following with suitable examples: 

$12$-$16$ and $13$-$15$ group compounds 

Non-Stoichiometric cuprous oxide, ${\mathrm{Cu}}_2\mathrm{O}$ can be prepared in laboratory. In this oxide, copper to oxygen ratio is slightly less than $2:1$.  Can you account for the fact that this substance is a p-type semiconductor? 

What is 'semiconductor'? Describe the two main types of semiconductors and contrast their conduction mechanism. 

Classify, each of the following as being either a p-type or n-type semiconductor.

 $\mathrm{Si}$ doped with $\mathrm{B}$

Classify, as being either a p-type or n-type semiconductor: 

$\mathrm{Ge}$ doped with $\mathrm{In}$